Alternative to resolve Indo -China conflict over Line of Actual Control from IR theories.

The neighbour India and China shares a border which is more than 3,440km (2,100 miles) long and have overlapping territorial claims. In North (Ladakh), East Arunachal Pradesh but this time China tried to occupied the land of Galwan region which is controlled by India. The ongoing infra by the Indian government raise the eyebrow of China because the infrastructure reduce the time and difficulty which Indian govt. face during the heat situation. In the month of May 2020 when whole world was battling with Covid-19, Chinese forces had put up tents, dug trenches and moved heavy equipment several kilometers inside what had been regarded by India as its territory. The site of the clash was the Line of Actual Control or LAC - between the two countries.

Tensions had been high in the area after the infra development in the area. Large number of soldiers and military equipment were deployed along the LAC by both sides. They negotiated for a mutually agreed disengagement process after the commander level meeting. On 15^th June,2020, The armies of India and China either were to move back by 1 kilometer each in the conflict area. Colonel B Santosh Babu, who was supervising this process, noticed that a Chinese camp was still existing in the area. Further he went to get it removed. This soon led to scuffle and blows being exchanged, resulting in deaths and injuries. More than 70 Indian soldiers were injured in a major scuffle. At least 20 soldiers including a Commanding Officer lost their lives on a single day.

It was a conflict over the land btw India and china .

It was a conflict btw India and china over the land (A conflict is a serious difference between two or more beliefs, ideas, or interests. If two beliefs, ideas, or interests are in conflict, they are very different)

Conflict arises from disagreement between two parties where parties perceive a threat to their needs and interests. It is a state of open and prolonged fighting between people, ideologies, and even countries. It is a known fact that there are differences in the positions of parties involved in any conflict. As long as the level of disagreement remains manageable, conflict remains verbal and can be solved (or at least raises hopes of settlement) through negotiations. It is when the levels of disagreements go beyond control those conflicts give rise to violence and armed struggles.

 There are many international conflicts that are mostly related to disputes about geographical boundaries in which countries claim a particular region as their own which is denied by those who control those areas. One such recent conflicts were the Israel and Palestine (for last 5 decade) conflict over the region which led to war btw both countries.  Use of Thousands of missiles over political institution and media houses (Aljazeera, important media house of Palestine), just 2 days before China claimed on one territory of India as it theirs, Arunachal Pradesh area. He claimed that it is a part of south Tibetan so it belongs to China. There is always threat exist during the conflict btw the duo that both are nuclear country.

In an international arena there are many theories through which the conflict and the war can be easily solved and can become the cause of the peace establishment. Theories such as Johan Galtung’s negative and positive peace, Joseph Montville’s 2 track diplomacy, and the William zartman’s Ripeness theory and many other mechanism to resolve these conflicts like meetings, negotiations, and talks.

Solution through Zartman’s Ripeness theory, To stop the further disengagement and without hurting thereselve, The Ripeness theory can adopted by both sides took to prevent again mutually hurting statement because the deadlock can be more painful than it was as the deadlock led the death of 70 army personnel .

ii) The two-sided agreement to maintain dialogue and communication through the diplomatic and military mechanism to reach a mutually acceptable solution for complete disengagement from all friction points so as to ensure full restoration of peace to enable progress in the bilateral relation.

Solution through two track diplomacies, there are the diplomats who exist in other countries to maintain relations and during the bad relation their work is to again stabilise the relation btw the duo.

Till now 11th round of corps commander talks held btw countries agreement reached in February the two sides completed disengagement from both the Banks of Pan gong Tso lake however there has been no progress on further disengagement and de-escalation since despite talks at various levels. Now the 12^th round of corps commander talks on Saturday with the focus on working on out an agreement for the second phase of disengagement from Gogra and hot spring in eastern Ladakh, according to the defense official.

Further, round of Major General level talk is also scheduled to be held once the 12^th round of talk is over.